ABSTRACT

This book examines women's activism in the early years of independent Indonesia when new attitudes to gender, nationalism, citizenship and democratization were forming. It questions the meaning of democratization for women and their relationship to national sovereignty within the new Indonesian state, and discusses women's organizations and their activities; women's social and economic roles; and the different cultural, regional and ethnic attitudes towards women, while showing the failure of political change to fully address women's gender interests and needs. The author argues that both the role of nationalism in defining gender identity and the role of gender in defining national identity need equal recognition.

part |2 pages

Part I Theoretical and historical background

chapter 1|27 pages

Missing images

Approaching Indonesian women’s activism

chapter 2|23 pages

Emergence of a women’s movement

Nationalism and women’s rights in Indonesia, 1900–1949

part |2 pages

PART II Women’s mobilization in the 1950s: The national level

chapter 3|22 pages

The promise of independence

Women’s mobilization in a new nation–state

chapter 4|23 pages

Addressing practical gender interests

Women’s organizations’ socio-economic activities

chapter 5|22 pages

Representing women in a new democracy

Women’s organizations and national politics

chapter 6|25 pages

Confronting the state

The fight for a marriage law

part |2 pages

Part III Challenging the national-level perspective

chapter 7|25 pages

Women’s international interests

Representing gender and nation at the international level

chapter 8|29 pages

Unity in diversity

Women’s regional interests in 1950s Indonesia