ABSTRACT
Nanotechnology is amongst the most innovative fields of science, engineering, and technology, comprising the study and extremely minute manipulation of nanostructure properties. It is a promising new advancement that has motivated many new ideas and innovations. The word “nanotechnology” was first used in 1974 by Norio Taniguchi, a researcher at the University of Tokyo, who used it to discuss the capability of engineer resources at nanoscale. The prefix “nano” derives from the Greek word meaning “dwarf”, and a nanometer can be defined as the measure of one-billionth of a meter. According to a description endorsed by the EU in 2011, they are natural or synthetic objects with their external dimensions in the nanoscale, and have a specific surface area through volume, which represents a direct control of materials, or a determined set of processes that propose almost complete control on the structure of matter, to work at the atomic, molecular, and supramolecular levels. It is a plan, characterization, fabrication, and employment of materials, structures, devices, procedures, processes, and schemes by regulating shape and size at nanometer scale with principally new properties.
