ABSTRACT
The complete neurologic exam is useful in screening patients for neurologic deficits. A screening exam is helpful in determining what other diagnostic tests are needed to focus on a particular aspect of the nervous system. The exam findings along with corroborating diagnostic test results are used to further diagnose the patient and begin treatment. Increased tone causes resistance with passive movement of the extremity. Rigidity causes increased resistance with active and passive range of motion. When testing motor strength, position the patient so that he or she has the benefit of ease of movement. Vibratory sense is tested using a tuning fork. If vibration is absent in the most distal joint, one should assess the more proximal joint. Straight leg raise can be used to assess nerve root compression or irritation in the lumbar spine. The test is performed while the patient is supine.
