ABSTRACT
In Spain, in addition to Spanish, three other languages are officially recognized in the areas where they developed, referred to in the Spanish Constitution as “historic nationalities”. Two of those languages – Catalan and Galician – belong to the same language group as Spanish. They are Romance languages that evolved from Latin. The other official language is Basque, a pre-Indo-European language whose origins remain controversial. There are also institutions to support translation in both directions, namely the Instituto Vasco Etxepare/Etxepare Euskal Institutua for the Basque language, the Institució de les Lletres Catalanes for translations from other languages into Catalan, and the Institut Ramon Llull for translations from Catalan to other languages. Clearly translations into Basque, Catalan, Galician and any other minoritized language have played a decisive role in standardizing the respective languages and developing literature written in them. Such translations play a role that is almost as important as original productions in Basque, Catalan and Galician.
