ABSTRACT
This chapter discusses the Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers standard and International Commission on Nonionizing Radiation Protection guidelines for extremely low-frequency (ELF) field exposure safety. It examines electric and magnetic field measurement techniques, dosimetry, and exposimetry assessment surveys in various exposure settings. The use of electricity results in the production of electric and magnetic fields, classified as ELF fields with frequencies up to 3 kHz. Electromagnetic (EM) standards may identify either limits of emission from a device, or limits of human exposure from devices that emit EM fields into a general public or occupational environment. Exposure limits are the main way workers and the public are protected against possible risks from EM fields. ELF fields exist wherever electricity is generated, transmitted, distributed, or utilized along the power grids. Electric and magnetic fields can be characterized either by physical measurement or theoretically, although there are problems inherent in both methods.
