ABSTRACT
The energy of the aquatic complex, which characterizes its state as a system, consists of four parts: translational energy of the entire aquacomplex; electronic energy determined by the quantum state of the electron shells of the cation and OH2 solvate groups; vibrational energy due to oscillation of the cation and solvate groups relative to each other; and rotational energy corresponding to the rotation of the entire aquacomplex or its parts relative to each other. The most common explanation for negative phenomena or positive hydration of ions based on the consideration of the kinetic stability of the supramolecular formation — a cluster, formed by ions and water molecules. Kinetic stability is determined by the activation energy of the process of exchange of water molecules near the ion to water molecules in the solvent mass, i.e., by a change under the action of ions of potential barriers separating neighbouring equilibrium positions of water molecules.
