ABSTRACT
The microorganism and the medium play most important roles in the microbial fermentation process. To handle any microorganism, it is necessary to determine the life cycle of the microorganism. Since the microorganisms are mostly active in the log phase, it is necessary to inoculate the seed culture in between the mid-log phase and the late-log phase. Cell growth kinetics parameters are essential to know the growth characteristics of the microorganism. Growth is the most essential response of microbes to their physiochemical environment. In a suitable nutrient medium, microbes extract nutrients from the medium and convert them into biological compounds. Microbial growth is an example of an auto-catalyzing reaction. The kinetics of cell growth can be determined by using the Monod equation when cells grow on a limiting substrate in an appropriate environment of oxygen, nitrogen source, carbon source, pH, and growth factor.
