ABSTRACT
In multi-hop communication, the sensor nodes that are closer to the BS inevitably perform data forwarding. As a result, the energy consumption of these sensor nodes is comparably higher than that of the other sensor nodes. This imbalanced energy consumption leads to the premature death of a certain number of nodes near to the BS, and causes the hot spot problem. One such situation is shown in Figure 9.1. There are many solutions to resolve this problem. Here, we present two methods, i.e., unequal clustering and use of a mobile sink.
