ABSTRACT
Electric vehicles include battery electric vehicles (BEVs), fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEVs), and range-extended electric vehicles (REEVs). Electric machines are employed for traction purpose. Compared with conventional internal combustion engine vehicles (ICEVs), BEVs produce less emission, have higher efciency, and generate less noise. However, the driving range of all-electric vehicles is limited. To overcome this problem, REEVs are introduced in the market; they employ secondary power source to either charge the battery or power the propulsion system. FCEVs use fuel cells as the primary energy source to power the vehicle, which signicantly reduces carbon dioxide emissions and provides longer driving range. Solar electric vehicles and electric bicycles are
15.1 EV History and Development ............................................................................................... 492 15.2 EV Congurations and Main Components .......................................................................... 495
15.2.1 Congurations for EVs ............................................................................................. 495 15.2.2 Energy Storage Device for EVs ................................................................................ 497
15.3 EV Performance ...................................................................................................................500 15.3.1 Power Distribution for Electric Vehicles ..................................................................500 15.3.2 Vehicle Acceleration .................................................................................................502 15.3.3 Vehicle’s Maximum Speed .......................................................................................504
