ABSTRACT
Interestingly enough, the puppet film precedes hand-drawn 2D animation in film history. On October 15, 1931, joined by Paul Wittke, Jr., a Berlin businessman, Pal founded Trickfilm-Studio G.m.b.H. Pal & Wittke and partly switched from 2D to 3D, which became the basic principle of his replacement series, produced to great critical acclaim in Eindhoven, Netherlands, and Hollywood, CA. Jurgen Clausen demanded to proceed from George Pal's Puppetoon technique. George Pal, who later became a good friend of Disney, was a Hungarian Jew, born Gyula Gyorgy Pal Marczincsak on February 1, 1908, in Cegled, then Austria-Hungary. He had worked in four countries: in his native Hungary, Germany, the Netherlands, and the United States, in short and feature films, animation and live action. Arthur Melbourne Cooper comes across more as an enthusiast tinkering away in a small studio with boundless energy. His animations are resolutely small-scale, made using matchsticks or ordinary shop-bought toys, but the tiny spaces are filled with movement.
