ABSTRACT
Obesity.and.its.associated.pathologies.are.the.most.common.metabolic.diseases.in.the.United.States,. affecting.over.30%.of. the.adult.population,.and. is. increasing.at.an.alarming.rate.among.all.age. groups.in.the.country..Currently,.in.all.but.four.states.at.least.20%.of.their.population.are.classified. as.obese.(body.mass.index.[BMI].>.30.0).[1]..This.rapid.rise.in.obesity.is.accompanied.by.a.similar.increase.in.insulin.resistance.or.type.II.diabetes.[2]..In.fact,.approximately.80%.of.individuals. with.type.II.diabetes.are.overweight.(BMI.25.0-29.9).or.obesity.(BMI.>.30.0),.suggesting.a.strong. positive.relationship.between.the.two.diseases.[3,4]..Interestingly,.decreasing.body.fat.is.one.of.the. most.effective.ways.to.improve.insulin.sensitivity..Thus,.overnutrition.relative.to.inadequate.energy. expenditure.leads.to.increased.adiposity.and.insulin.resistance,.and.vice.versa.
