ABSTRACT

IV intravenous/intravenously KCl potassium chloride kpa kilopascals LRS lactated Ringer’s solution MAC minimum alveolar concentration MAP mean arterial blood pressure MLK morphine-lidocaine-ketamine NIOSH National Institute of

Occupational Safety and Health NMBA neuromuscular blocking agent NMDA N-methyl D-aspartate NO nitric oxide NRS numerical rating scale NSAID non-steroidal anti-inflammatory

drug OSHA Occupational Safety and Health

Administration OTM oral transmucosal/transmucosally PaCO2 partial pressure of arterial carbon

dioxide PaO2 partial pressure of arterial oxygen PCV packed cell volume PEEP positive end expiratory pressure PG propylene glycol PIP peak inspiratory pressure PISS pin index safety system PO per os/orally psi pounds per square inch PT prothrombin time PTT partial thromboplastin time PVC polyvinyl chloride SaO2 hemoglobin oxygen saturation

measured by arterial blood gas analysis

SC subcutaneous/subcutaneously SpO2 hemoglobin oxygen saturation

measured by pulse oximeter SVR systemic vascular resistance TIVA total intravenous anesthesia TP total protein VAS visual analog scale VIC vaporizer-in-the-circuit VOC vaporizer-out-of-the-circuit VPC ventricular premature contraction