ABSTRACT
Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is the branch of fluid mechanics that uses numerical analysis to solve and analyze problems that include fluid flows. The main task in fluid dynamics is to find the velocity field describing the flow in a specific domain. Computers are used to perform the calculations required to simulate the interaction of liquids and gases with surfaces defined by boundary conditions. This chapter starts with introduction of the importance of modeling and simulation of fluid dynamics, then the equations of motion in cartesian, cylindrical, and spherical coordinates are presented. Steps in modeling fluid dynamic systems are given. Solving the differential equation leads to a general solution with arbitrary constants. The Navier-Stokes equations are used to develop the velocity profile of fluid flow in various systems, such as flow in horizontal and vertical pipes, triangular ducts, and nuzzles, and fluid flow past a sphere and past a solid flat sheet. Various application examples of fluid dynamics are modeled and solved analytically and numerically using Comsol Multiphysics 5.3a.
