ABSTRACT
Clinical diagnosis of ocular infections can be confirmed by numerous techniques based on the microbiological analysis of ocular samples (aqueous, vitreous, and corneal scrapings). Diagnostic techniques include standard microbiological tests (culture and stains) and culture-independent diagnosis tests such as those based on molecular biology methods. The capacity for detection and identification of genomic material in any type of sample has constituted an enormous step in the field of medicine, allowing diagnosis of many genetic or infectious diseases based on the DNA sequence. These molecular techniques have their advantages and disadvantages, offering speed and sensitivity in the detection and identification of pathogens, but at present they are still not standardized and their cost is high.
