ABSTRACT
Governments have been seeking policy solutions to these and other problems. Over the past several years, numerous policy prescriptions have been suggested, yet none has been universally successful. Importsubstitution policies, domestic and trade policy liberalization, land reform, foreign aid, education, privatization, investment in large-scale industries, integrated rural devel opment projects, farming-systems research, and many other solutions have been offered. Some of these suggestions have contributed to the development process; others have not. Blame for slow progress often is laid at the doorstep of the developed countries, sometimes with justification.
