ABSTRACT
This chapter discusses different strategies to work on adding within 10. When introducing these early math concepts, real-life objects like actual pencils or toy cars support thinking and help students to model the situation and accurately calculate. From there, students may use cubes or other items that can represent these objects. The chapter looks at the sophistication of the strategies. It is developmentally appropriate for students in the early stage of direct modeling to build the problem by putting out objects to represent the first addend, and then putting out the amount of the second addend, and then counting them all. Once students have developed fluency within 5, they can progress to mastering their math facts within 10.
