ABSTRACT
This chapter focuses on the different approaches to grammar and the writing of grammars and grammar teaching that dominated the 20th century, which are with us in their distinct and often competing forms and which have left their mark on the present. It looks at a type of grammar aimed at a broad, educated readership, at the first wave of popular language courses and their grammar content and examines the emergence of the new profession of the English as a foreign language applied linguist. The notion of ‘usage’, as in Fowler’s dictionary title, encompasses vocabulary and pronunciation as well as grammar. Non-native grammarians have made and continue to make huge contributions to the description and pedagogy of English grammar. English grammars had, for centuries, been a mix of works of scholarship for the educated public and practical manuals for use in schools and universities.
