ABSTRACT
In this chapter, we first look at the different and complex contextual factors that form interactions in ELF settings. Then, we explore the impact of various contextual factors such as the setting of the data collection, topic, dyadic/polyadic situation, face and interlocutors’ goals on the shape of communication strategies used in ELF interactions in this study. The comparative analysis undertaken in this chapter reveals that speakers frequently use various communication strategies, particularly pro-active strategies, to preempt the potential misunderstandings in ELF interactions and to enhance the effectiveness of their utterances. In this chapter, we find out that the communication strategies identified in this study and previous relevant studies demonstrate active involvement and cooperation between speakers in ELF communication.
