ABSTRACT
Grammatical metaphor is the use of a non-congruent form, such as the encoding of a process as a noun rather than a verb. Using grammatical metaphor can make a considerable difference to a text. This chapter illustrates this for the case of nominalized processes. When a noun is used rather than a verb, this allows to modify or qualify the noun. In some types of text, like academic discourse, it is fairly common for a rheme expressed in non-metaphorical form to be re-expressed as a grammatical metaphor in the theme of a subsequent clause. Protest movements is particularly difficult to deal with, without leaving some sort of grammatical metaphor. People have moved to protest on a large scale, and this has recently transformed urban spaces into places where people can discuss and decide on things, and where they can participate and intervene in the way the community is governed.
