ABSTRACT
This chapter considers how to create an environment that nurtures the practical and emotional aspects of the mentoring relationship. It discusses the development of a pro-social culture through the use of non-judgemental communication and the importance of congruence in one-to-one interactions. The main principle of non-judgemental communication is the avoidance of criticism and blame, both of which can make the other person defensive and closed. Being non-judgemental is also about being authentic, which means need to demonstrate an awareness of own judgements and how they might influence the ways we communicate with others. Pro-social behaviours are those that are focused on helping other people. They could include things such as sharing, cooperating or volunteering, and underpin most mentoring relationships. They are in effect voluntary actions aimed at helping individuals and the community as a whole, and can be seen among humans, animals and even trees.
