ABSTRACT
A curriculum is generally understood as an active force of human educational experience that is provided by a given language program. In less philosophical terms, a language curriculum is composed of a range of different components including what second language (L2) students learn, and assessments employed in planned L2 instruction. Several models of language curriculum development or curriculum-planning frameworks have been suggested in both the applied linguistics and the mainstream educational literatures. An educational philosophy or "school mission" is a long-term goal or purpose for which a language curriculum is generally designed. Several different approaches to syllabus design have been used to varying degrees in L2 education, including grammatical, situational, topical, notional, functional, skills-based, task-based, lexical, problem-solving, pragmatic, discourse-based, genre-based, and communicative strategies. Language learning materials have generally been defined as "any or all of the very wide range of resources capable of aiding language learning".
