ABSTRACT
The main focus of Chapter 12 is on the various data-collection strategies, and methods for ensuring that interpretation of data is valid, reliable, and trustworthy. Strategies for collecting quantitative data and qualitative data from human participants are outlined. Variables are defined as the type of evidence utilized in the data-collection process. Researchers are reminded of the importance of operationalizing, or clearly defining and indicating how variables are measured, in the data collection process. One of the most common approaches for collecting quantitative data is through surveys. Basic rules for using survey research are introduced in this chapter. The most common approaches of collecting qualitative data are one-on-one interviews and focus group interviews. Basic rules for conducting individual and group interviews are discussed in this chapter as well. Finally, the concepts of validity and reliability are defined and emphasized. Trustworthiness in qualitative research is also discussed in this chapter, particularly in the context of qualitative research.
