ABSTRACT
This chapter focuses on Smart Industry's Action Agenda by offering a theoretical framework on how on-demand and just-in-time lifelong learning trajectories should be developed, as well as recommendations on how practice should move forward to be able to develop such high-impact trajectories. In order to do so, it reviews relevant literature and interviewed managers of educational institutions with responsibility for providing lifelong learning programmes, so-called Centres of Expertise. Industry 4.0 challenges the Learning and Development (L&D) policies and practices. In order to innovate, one needs access to the right kind of knowledge at the right time. A learning approach supporting lifelong learning should be focused on the individual and should be on-demand and just-in-time in order to be practical. In order to support lifelong learning, several other factors, besides the learning content and the difficulty of the content being individualised, available on-demand and just-in-time, are deemed necessary.
