ABSTRACT
One of the oldest conceptual definitions of tourism was given by two pioneers of tourism research, Hunziker and Krapf (1942), who defined tourism as ‘being a sum of relations and phenomena resulting from travel and stay of non residents, in so far a stay does not lead to permanent residence and is not connected with any permanent or temporary earning activity’. For a considerable time this definition was generally accepted – including by the AIEST (Association Internationale d’Experts Scientifiques du Tourisme) – although it had more than one shortcoming. For example, a stay in a hospital could be considered to be tourism, and a business trip would be excluded as being related to an earning activity. Moreover, under this definition non-residents were identified with foreigners – in other words, domestic tourism was totally excluded.
