ABSTRACT
Management in the present era can be represented as a Janus figure – with two heads looking in opposite directions. In its more forward-looking view management believes in competition within a free market. Competition is healthy; it leads to progress; it operates in the public interest. But management's other head faces away from competition; it looks for standardization; it jealously guards its own centralized decision-making; it stifles competition within the organization; it structures work to ensure that every aspect of its corporate activity is subject to a sole authority, with each level being accountable to the next one higher up. How is it that these two heads belong to the same body?
