ABSTRACT
The importance of operations in the spatial domain lies in their simplicity, as they are often very basic arithmetic operations, and are easy to implement. The points of application of spatial processes and the variations in their implementation at different stages in the imaging chain depend upon the hardware and software being used as well as the overall workflow. Convolution is important in digital image processing as the basis of linear spatial filtering, but is applied as a discrete operation. In image- editing applications such as Adobe Photoshop or Image J, they may also be applied using the histogram or by altering the inputoutput curve of the image. Power-law functions may also be used for contrast enhancement, in images where the requirement is that either shadow or highlight contrast is increased. Image subtraction can also be used to subtract a background from an image to enhance features of interest.
