ABSTRACT
Near drowning accidents are divided into immersion syndromes and submersion injuries. Based on existing literature, near drowning is the patient category that requires intensive support and care. The saline content of the aspirated fluid plays a significant role in the systemic pathology produced by the near drowning incident. Clinical presentation in near drowning patients is highly variable. A key diagnostic indicator is level of consciousness at time of presentation. Patients that arrive with a normal level of consciousness do not generally demonstrate vital sign changes or abnormal physical findings. Near drowning victims that arrive in a conscious state without neurologic injury have an excellent chance of survival. Near drowning victims should be removed from the water and resuscitation measures immediately started. Prehospital care should include airway management, oxygen delivery, and ventilatory support. Controversy exists regarding specific therapeutic management of neurologic sequelae in near drowning patients.
