ABSTRACT
Diabetes mellitus is characterized by reduced or absent insulin secretion from the pancreatic beta cells. Diabetes mellitus has traditionally been categorized as type 1 (exogenous insulin dependent) or type II (non-insulin dependent). Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is a diabetic state in which endogenous insulin secretion is never sufficient to support normal glucose physiology and prevent ketone production. Most dogs suffer from type 1 diabetes or IDDM and are prone to diabetic ketoacidosis if deprived of exogenous insulin. Most cats suffer from type 2 diabetes mellitus; however, many cats with type 2 diabetes become insulin dependent. Insulinomas are tumors that arise from cells referred to as amine precursor uptake and decarboxylation cells. Glucocorticoids may be administered to animals with insulinoma to antagonize the peripheral effects of insulin. Prognosis in dogs is guarded to poor; only a few cases of insulinoma have been reported in cats.
