ABSTRACT
Under normal dietary conditions, where glucose consumption is more moderate, the major hepatic action of insulin is to decrease glucose production by inhibiting glycogen breakdown (glycogenolysis) and glucose synthesis (gluconeogenesis), actions which are more sensitive to smaller increases in insulin concentration. Under these conditions, insulin acts peripherally to promote amino acid uptake and protein synthesis, and to inhibit protein breakdown in muscle. In adipose tissue it activates lipoprotein lipase, and inhibits the intracellular hormone-sensitive lipase, thereby increasing the hydrolysis of VLDL triglyceride and promoting the synthesis and storage of triglyceride in the tissue.
