ABSTRACT
Introduction Renal failure and urologic emergencies in cancer patients may be caused by disease progression, treatment or unrelated medical conditions. Initial evaluation of symptoms leads to diagnosis and initial management but for definitive treatment referral to a nephrologic and urologic department may be necessary.
Renal failure Introduction Renal failure is defined as a loss of renal function and concentrating ability. It is characterized by the presence of progressive uremia; water and electrolyte imbalance; metabolic acidosis; and oliguria rather than anuria, which are caused by acute (acute renal failure) or prolonged (chronic renal failure) decreases in the glomerular filtration rate.
