ABSTRACT
The mining subsidence is a comprehensive reflection of the complicated space-time evolution process of the overlying strata in the stope. If there exists a Quaternary system alluvium above the base rock, it is more complex and difficult to predict and forecast the mining subsidence. And aiming at the complexity of the thick topsoil subsidence, the transfer patterns and the transfer range of mining subsidence in the soil body, computing method of the drainage and dehydration concretions directly caused by the mining subsidence, the flowing conditions and the computing methods of the subsiding soil body as well as the control methods for the deformation and displacement of the subsiding soil body are studied. Through the above research, a complete model for predicting and forecasting the surface subsidence (a comprehensive model for forecasting the deformation and displacement of the soil body) is obtained, that is, the surface subsidence is equal to the mining subsidence (direct effect) plus the concretion subsidence (additional effect) and plus the flowing subsidence (additional effect), and then by means of rational arrangement of the underground face control and the effective use of the surface deformation, the coal mining under the buildings is realized. The various special rules under the condition of the thick topsoil can be entirely explained and the surface deformation and displacement can be also accurately predicted by using the research achievements. The practices indicate that the research achievements can be effectively applied in practice.
