ABSTRACT
Justice, fairness and equality are commonly-used terms in discussions regarding the design and operation of electoral systems. All three have deep roots in considerations of ethics. Justice, according to Rawls (1958:164), involves two principles:
first, each person participating in a practice, or affected by it, has an equal right to the most extensive liberty compatible with a like liberty for all; and second, inequalities are arbitrary unless it is reasonable to expect that they will work out for everyone’s advantage.
