ABSTRACT
Zaire (Congo) has only a short sea coast; Zambia and Zimbabwe are landlocked. Exploitation of their minerals (31) led to the building of rail links through Angola, Mozambique and South Africa; while those areas remained under white rule, the inland states’ dependence on these links was of special importance. In the 1970s the Tazara line was built, with Chinese help, to give Zambia an alternative outlet to the sea.
