ABSTRACT
The Warioba report identified 'rampant corruption in the public service' which had escalated at an alarming rate over the past two decades [Warioba, 1997: 199]. There was both 'petty' corruption and 'grand' corruption at the highest public levels. Petty corruption was widespread. Muganda argued that it was 'a serious nuisance' and had 'subverted effective service delivery' in Tanzania in the 1990s. It was found in the police and judicial services as in all the social sectors. From the evidence taken in the extensive public hearings of the Commission during 1996, petty corruption affected most members of the public and was the main source of public discontent. Grand corruption was identified in the procurement of goods and services, in the allocation of permits for hunting and mining, and in large public contracts, in particular in road-building and public construction. A n assessment of 24 public construction contracts had found substantial cost over-runs: costs had escalated from US$97.4 million to US$154.7 million. In these cases, there was an 'inference of corruption' [Muganda, 1997: 5].
