ABSTRACT
In the past few years, what used to be the orthodoxy about constituency campaigning - that it was a meaningless ritual, hardly worthy of serious consideration and very rarely having any effect on constituency election results - has come under sustained attack. Using a variety of methods and measures, Johnston and Pattie, Seyd and Whiteley and we ourselves have explored variations in campaign strength and shown that constituency election campaigning can significantly affect election outcomes; parties which mount strong local campaigns achieve better results than those whose campaigns are weaker.1
