ABSTRACT
When we use the term “data-gathering instrument” we typically are referring to using a descriptive research design data-collection method. We do not think of collecting “data” per se in exploratory research (i.e., we are generating hypotheses, ideas, insights, clarifying concepts, prioritizing objectives for the next phase of research, etc.), and although we do generate data in causal research, we tend to think in terms of putting together an experimental design rather than designing a data-collection instrument.
