ABSTRACT
The middle school can be defined as an institution for individuals from age 1015, designed to meet educational needs in unique ways. While middle schools began less than 25 years ago, to date, 22 innovative instructional programs, and 29 different types of grade level combinations exist (Epstein & MacIver, in press). Concurrent with the developing nature of middle schools, a commonly agreed upon best or essential curriculum has not been established.
