ABSTRACT
Frederick Winslow Taylor has generally been considered the pioneer of industrial engineering, and it has been customary to credit him, as R. M. Currie does, with "having first evolved the principle of breaking a job down into detailed elements to determine a time to be allowed for the job." In a remarkably early foreshadowing of what would take place first in England and later in North America, Taylor argues the necessity for restraining both labor and management from self-serving activities at the expense of "the third party. The Western world has been largely unable to resolve the problems related to what Taylor has to say regarding labor. By a series of carefully controlled studies related to shoveling, Taylor was able to show that "whatever the class of material they were to handle," men did more work per day with a shovel-load averaging twenty-one pounds than they could achieve with any other size.
