ABSTRACT
Basic science Most cancer vaccine strategies investigated up to now have focused on the induction of tumor-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL). The combined action of CTL and interferon-γ (IFN-γ)-secreting CD4+ T cells, in fact, is thought to be the most effective immune response to eradicate tumors in
vivo. Tumor-specific CD4+ T cells are also critical to mediate the antitumor effector functions of macrophages, eosinophils, and natural killer (NK) cells.
