ABSTRACT
Flexible ureteropyeloscopy is rapidly becoming a major part of the urologist’s therapeutic armamentarium. As with any sophisticated new technique, the operator must have a detailed knowledge of the features of the equipment, and perfect control of the instruments used. Over the past two decades flexible ureterorenoscope (F-URS) has continued to evolve and improve significantly including F-URS design, deflection capabilities, irrigation flow, imaging equipment, and durability. Due to these recent developments, endourologists have expanded the clinical indications for flexible ureterorenoscopy.
