ABSTRACT
This chapter offers a review of some of the most instructive cultural policy and program models, with a view to offering assessments of outcomes and aspects of innovation. It discusses some of the tendencies that may act to constrain cultural firms and creative work in metropolitan cities, including the revalorization of urban property markets. At the front end of the policy process, global forces add to the complexity of planning and development factors for cities and regions, and may render assessment more challenging. Global forces may also represent intervening variables' that subvert or in other cases deflect the planned course of development set out in plans or programs. Each city encompasses strategic sites and districts within the cultural economy. Finally, the chapter reviews certain major assessments of cultural planning in the city focusing on the experience of cultural planning and programming among American cities.
