ABSTRACT
This chapter explores certain aspects of the relationship between the economic theories of Karl Marx and J. M. Keynes from one particular angle, that of the underlying methodologies and general conceptions of these two economic theorists. There is no doubt that the emergence of Keynesianism in the 1930s and its later rise to a position of almost unchallenged dominance in the post-war period exercised a decisive influence upon many Marxists operating within the field of economics. For as is well known, Keynes deliberately abstracts himself from any critical analysis of the social structure of society and its laws of development. Keynes was concerned with one fundamental problem: the forms which determined the levels of investment and consumption. In the first place it is clear that these categories are not in any way unique or specific to capitalism.
