ABSTRACT
The student affairs field grew out of the twin purposes of student guidance (i.e., discipline and in loco parentis) and administrative need (Appleton et al., 1978). The two approaches have taken divergent paths, particularly as student affairs functions were interpreted by different institutions. Institutions adopting a student services approach can use an administrative perspective as the logic for organizing programs and functions. Student development models and theories may be an aspect of the organizing philosophy, yet the predominant influence is administrative principles, leadership, and management. In contrast, institutions adopting a student development approach use counseling and human development as their foundation.
