ABSTRACT
Both psychodynamic and behavioural learning theories have clear foundations in the predestined actor model although later more sophisticated variants of those traditions became more readily accepting of rational actor model notions of albeit limited choice. They both remained nevertheless committed to the central notion of psychological positivism that proposes that there are patterns of reasoning and behaviour specific to offenders that remain constant regardless of their different social experiences. The third psychological tradition has its foundations in a fundamental critique of the predestined actor model.
