ABSTRACT
APPENDIX C Summary of grammatical contexts for plain forms, て-forms, and stem forms This appendix summarizes where to use (i) plain forms, (ii) て-forms, and (iii) stem forms. The following notations are used to refer to predicate types: P All types of predicates (i.e. verbs, い/な-adjectives, noun + copula) V Verbs A い/な-adjectives The contexts where plain forms are used also allow polite forms under certain conditions. Specific contexts are noted as follows: • Context that allows polite forms in polite speech ° Context that allows polite forms in extra-polite speech # Context that requires polite forms in polite speech The non-past affirmative form of the copula when it must be changed to something other than だ is specified in the parentheses. BJ refers to the companion volume Basic Japanese: A Grammar and Workbook. IJ refers to this book.
