ABSTRACT
Small-scale farmers who live in the semi-arid regions of Brazil have been challenged by their environment throughout history. They use their creativity and skills to observe and learn from nature, and in this way they have developed a livelihood that is compatible with their harsh environment. Associated traditional knowledge develops over time and is actively passed down from generation to generation. Together they constitute the genetic and cultural heritage of farming communities, but are also assets that are ignored or marginalized in normal pathways for agricultural development and modernization. The recovery and use of agrobiodiversity plays an important role in vitalizing this cultural and agro-ecological identity, therefore the conservation of agrobiodiversity cannot be isolated. It needs to be associated with, and appreciate the innovative spirit and autonomy of these small-scale farming communities. The diversity of local varieties that continues to exist in these communities is a product of the capacity of these traditional societies to work with, observe and establish a harmonious relationship with Mother Nature.
