ABSTRACT
PUGWASH MOVEMENT (THE) The Pugwash Movement was a humanistic movement within the international scientific community, which was provoked by the publication in July 1955 of the Einstein-Russell Manifesto opposing war. Its first conference was held two years later in the Canadian town of Pugwash. Its aims were to consider – in a series of conferences and without the direct influence of public authorities – the role of the scientist in modern life and how science might be harnessed to productive rather than destructive ends, to be achieved by informing governments of the consequences of scientific developments and by seeking to educate public opinion.
