ABSTRACT
Part 3 focuses on the transformation of the existing industrial technology R&D institutions, to complete our survey of the institutional restructuring of the Chinese industrial technology R&D system during the current market-oriented economic reforms. The transformation of existing R&D institutions is the most complex part of the restructuring, more complicated than either the spinning-off approach examined in Part 2, which leads to the establishment of a new type of organization operating according to new rules, or the approach of merging an institute with an enterprise, described in Part 1 in the context of the policy process for the S&T system and illustrated by cases in which the merging enterprise offers the organizational basis for the restructuring of the institute to be merged. The transformation of an existing R&D institute involves a process in which the old components of an institute are preserved as it passes through the transformation process, but are reorganized to match changes in both the functions and the operational norms of the institute. Two of the major questions to be studied in this part of the book are what these changes in technological functions and operational norms were, for the existing industrial technology R&D institutes, and how were these institutes able to achieve them?
