ABSTRACT
In this chapter, we review the research and practice initiatives on CT screening for lung cancer and the information currently available. This includes a discussion of the two alternative approaches currently being used in the research to assess the usefulness of CT screening; (1) the traditional ‘randomized control trial’ comparing screening with either ‘no screening’ or ‘screening with another modality’ and (2) the ‘diagnostic-prognostic trial’ which assesses the diagnostic component separately from that of the subsequent interventive component. A full understanding of the differences between these two approaches is important as there is much at stake for the individuals at high risk for lung cancer.
