ABSTRACT
Gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GORD) is caused by excessive exposure of the (usually distal) oesophagus to acid (and/or bile) refluxed from the stomach. In a classical case, the diagnosis may be made from the history or endoscopic findings. The most reliable diagnostic tool is 24-hour oesophageal pH monitoring, but this is too expensive to consider in most cases in such a common disease. Acid refluxing from the stomach may cause laryngeal and airways symptoms too.
